Ravensgard Biographies

• Mad Monarch Series
• Medieval Rulers
• Medieval Timeline Reference
• Monarchy Through the Ages
• Renaissance Personalities
• Saints, Martyrs and Other Holy Persons
• A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature
• Who's Who in Medieval History
• Who's Who in Medieval England and Wales

• Andreas Vesalius
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Andreas Vesalius
  • Andreas Vesalius (Wikipedia)
  • Andreas Vesalius: A Biography
  • Andreas Vesalius: A Biography
• Aristarchus of Samos (ca. 320-250 BC)
• Aristotle (384 BC - 322 BC)
• Augustine
  • Augustine of Hippo, Saint - Memory and Mind
  • Augustine of Hippo
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Works of St. Augustine of Hippo
• Bernard of Clairvaux
• Saint Boniface
  • The Correspondence of St. Boniface
  • Saint Boniface
• Botticelli
• St. Constantine of Cornwall, King of Dumnonia (c.AD 520-576)
• Caradog Freichfras, King of Gwent & the Vannetais (Born c.AD 470)
• Cassiodorus
• The Cid
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: El Cid
  • The Lay of the Cid    updated 2020/04/12
    
• Dante Alighieri
  • Dante Alighieri on the Web - His Life
  • Letter to Can Grande (Selections)
  • Chronology of Dante
• Edmund Spenser Biography
• Erasmus of Rotterdam Society
• Erik Bloodaxe, last king of York (?947/8-952/4)
• Ferdinand Magellan
• Francesco Petrarch
  • Francesco Petrarch
  • Francesco Petrarch
  • Francis Petrarch
  • Francis Petrarch - Familiar Letters
  • Medieval Sourcebook - Petrarch - The Ascent of Mount Ventoux
  • Medieval Sourcebook - Francesco Petrarch - Letters, c 1372
• Francis d'Assissi
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Francis of Assisi
  • ORB - Testament of Saint Francis
  • ORB - Thomas of Celano's Lives of Saint Francis
• Francis Bacon
• Sir Francis Drake
  • Sir Francis Drake (Wikipedia)
  • Francis Drake's Raids on Spanish Colonial Ports Netted Tons of Loot
• Galileo Galilei
  • Galileo Galilei
  • Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
  • The Galileo Project, Homepage
  • Modern History Sourcebook - The Crime of Galileo - Indictment and Abjuration of 1633
• Geoffrey Chaucer
  • Chaucer Bibliography
  • Chaucer Metapage - Biographies
  • Geoffrey Chaucer (c1343-1400)
• Gerren Llyngesoc, King of Dumnonia (born c.448)
• Caradoc of Llancarfan: The Life of Gildas,1130-1150
• Geoffrey of Monmouth
• Giovanni Boccaccio
  • The Decameron Web - Boccaccio
  • Giovanni Boccaccio
  • Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375)
• Earl Godwin
• Reginald of Durham - Life of St. Godric (12th Century)
• Who was Pope Gregory the Great?
• Guillaume de Machaut (c.1300-1377)
• Peter of Blois, 1070-1117 AD on Henry I
• Henry II
  • see Thomas 'a Becket below
  • Henry II and Thomas a Becket
• Henry VII
  • Henry VII
• Henry VIII
  • Archbishop Cranmer: An Official Letter Regarding Henry VIII's Divorce, 1533
• Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179)
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Saint Hildegard
  • Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) - A discography
  • The Life and Works of Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179)
  • Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) Discography
  • Hildegard of Bingen
• Biographical Information on Ibn Rushd
• Johann Fabricius (1587-1616)
• Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)
• John I Lackland, King of England
  • King John's Concession of England and Ireland to the Pope
  • King John (Lackland)
• Catholic Encyclopedia: St. John Damascene
• Medieval Sourcebook: St. John of Damascus: Apologia Against Those Who Decry Holy Images
• John or Jan Hus
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Jan or John Hus
  • Quick View: "The History of Protestantism" by J. A. Wiley
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Jean-Allarmet de Brogny
  • Modern History Sourcebook: Jan Hus: Final Declaration, July 1, 1415
  • The Errors of John Hus - The Council of Constance 1414-1418
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Council of Constance
• John Leland - An Excerpt from his "Itinerary" on South Cadbury, Somerset
• John Wycliffe
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: John Wyclif
  • COB -Net Historical Notes: John Wycliffe
  • H371 - The Reformation Before the Reformation: John Wycliffe
  • John Wyclif, Translator and Controversialist
  • The Historic Translation of John 1:3-4
  • The Errors of John Wycliffe - The Council of Constance 1414-1418
  • Island of Freedom - John Wycliffe
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Pope Gregory XI : The Condemnation of Wycliffe 1382 and Wycliffe's Reply, 1384
  • Medieval Sourcebook: John Wyclif: On the Sacrament of Communion
• Leonardo da Vinci
  • Leonardo and the Engineers of the Renaissance
  • Leonardo da Vinci: from Inspiration to Innovation
  • Turn the Pages of Leonardo's Notebook
  • Leonardo da Vinci - WebMuseum
  • "L'automobile" di Leonardo da Vinci
  • Medieval Sourcebook - Giorgio Vasari - Life of Leonardo da Vinci 1550
• Leonardo Pisano Fibonacci
• Who was Fibonacci?
• The Final Campaign of Prince Llywelyn
• Lot Luwddoc, King of Gododdin (born c.AD 470)
• Masaccio Biography
• Masaccio (Wikipedia)
• Nicolaus Copernicus
• Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)
• Nostradamus
  • Nostradamus
  • Nostradamus: Links
  • Nostradamus
  • Resources for Nostradamus Research
  • Nostradamus FAQs
• Regiomontanus
• Richard I
  • Richard I, Coeur de Lion
  • Richard the Lionheart, King John, and the Magna Carta
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Richard I, King Of England
  • A History and Mythos of the Knights Templar - Richard the Lion Heart
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Roger of Hoveden: The Order of Coronation of Richard I,1189
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Richard the Lionheart Makes Peace with Saladin, 1192
  • The Ancestors of Richard I *Lionheart*
• Richard III
  • Back to Basics For Newcomers
• Roger Bacon
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Roger Bacon
  • Bacon - Mathematician
  • Roger Bacon: scholastic philosopher and scientist
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Roger Bacon: Despair over Thirteenth Century Learning
  • Quotations by Bacon
  • Roger Bacon - Tract on the Tincture and Oil of Antimony
  • The Invisible Basilica: Roger Bacon
  • Bacon's Place in the History of Alchemy
  • Roger Bacon - English Philosopher
• Henry of Huntingdon - King Stephen's Reign
• St. Thomas Aquinas
  • Influence of St. Thomas on Philosophy
  • Jacques Maritain Center: St. Thomas Aquinas and Medieval Philosophy
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Thomism
  • Thomistic Philosophy Page: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Saint Thomas
  • Condition of Philosophy in the 13th -- What St. Thomas Found at Paris
  • The Summa Theologica of St. Thomas Aquinas
• Thomas a'Becket
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Thomas Becket
  • Catholic Forum Saints: St. Thomas Becket
  • Catholic Information Network: Becket
  • Edward Grim: "Martyrdom," The Murder of Thomas Becket, 1070
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Edward Grim: The Murder of Thomas Becket
  • Gervase of Canterbury: Thomas Becket's Life, from "History of the Archbishops of Canterbury "
  • Gervase of Canterbury: Thomas Becket's Death, from "History of the Archbishops of Canterbury "
  • Henry II and Thomas a Becket
  • The Murder of Thomas Becket, 1170
  • Thomans Becket: A Preliminary Bibliography
  • Thomas Becket - Earthlore Explorations Gothic Era Foundation Stone of Learning
  • William of Newburgh: Henry II and Thomas Becket, from "History of England"
• Archbishop Cranmer: An Official Letter Regarding Henry VIII's Divorce, 1533
• Sir Thomas Erpingham
  • Florilegium urbanum - Sir Thomas Erpingham
  • Sir Thomas Erpingham KG
• Sir Thomas Malory (ca. 1405-1471)
  • Legends - Malory's Le Morte Darthur
  • Luminarium - Sir Thomas Malory (ca. 1405-1471)
  • Mallorie
  • Le Morte Darthur - Sir Thomas Malory's Book of King Arthur and of his Noble Knights of the Round Table, Volume 1
  • Thomas Malory
  • Thomas Malory - Le Morte Darthur
• Tycho Brahe (1546-1601)
• Urien Rheged, King of North Rheged (c.530-590)
• Valentinus and the Valentinian Tradition
• Vlad the Impaler - Dracula
  • Vlad Dracul and Vlad the Impaler
  • Dracula's Castle: Bran Castle
  • The Real Prince Dracula
  • Grave of Vlad Dracula "Count Dracula"
• William I, the Conqueror (1066-1087 AD)
• Peter of Blois, 1070-1117 AD on William II, Rufus
• William Clowes, Barber-Surgeon
• William of Ockham
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: William of Ockham
  • Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: William of Ockham
  • Natural law and will in Ockham
  • Ockham and Infallibility
  • William of Ockham
• Luminarium - William Langland (ca.1330-1387) - Biography
• William Shakespeare
  • William Shakespeare
  • Shakespeare's Biography
  • William Shakespeare at eNotes
  • William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon - Brief History, Times and References
  • The World Shakespeare Bibliography Online

• Rulers
  • Æthelbald, king of Wessex (855-8, 858-60)
  • Æthelbehrt, king of the West Saxons (855-860)
  • Æthelred, king of Wessex (865-871)
  • Æthelred the Unready, King of England, 978-1016
  • Æthelstan (924-27 October 939)
  • Æthelstan, king of England (924-27 October 939)
  • Alfred the Great
    • Alfred the Great and Anglo-Saxon England
    • Alfred and Guthrum map
    • Medieval Sourcebook: Alfred and Guthrum's Peace
    • Alfred the Great
    • Alfred the Great. London's Forgotten King
    • The Battle of Eddington, 878
    • Catholic Encyclopedia: ALFRED THE GREAT
    • Laws of Alfred and Ine
    • Medieval Sourcebook: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle on Alfred the Great
    • Medieval Sourcebook: The Chronicle of Ethelwerd
    • OMACL: Life of King Alfred    2020/04/12

    • The Alfred Jewel and Lindisfarne Gospels
    • The Alfred Jewel
      • Alfred Jewel (Somerset Co.)
  • Ceolwulf II, king of Mercia (874-877/9?)
  • Æthelstan (924-27 October 939)
  • Æthelstan, king of England (924-27 October 939)
  • Erik Bloodaxe, last king of York (?947/8-952/4)
  • Eadred, king of England (946-23 November 955)
  • Eadwig All-Fair, king of England (955-1 October 959)
  • Abbo of Fleury: The Martyrdom of St. Edmund, King of East Anglia (870)
  • Edmund, king of England (939-26 May 949)
  • Edward the Elder, king of the Anglo-Saxons (899-17 July 924)
  • Edward the Martyr (975-18 March 978)
  • Edward the Confessor
    • Ee.3.59: The Life of King Edward the Confessor
    • Edward "The Confessor" (1042-1066]
  • Egbert of Wessex (802-839)
  • Harold I Godwinson (1066)
    • Harold Godwinson
    • Earl Godwin
  • King Oswald of Bernicia (r. 634/5-642)"
• others
  • Alcuin of York
    • Alcuin
    • Alcuin - Mathematician
    • Alcuin of York
    • Catholic Encyclopedia: Alcuin
  • Bede: Historian and Doctor of the Church
    • Catholic Encyclopedia: The Venerable Bede
    • Medieval Sourcebook: Bede (673­735): Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation,Books I - IV
    • Bede's World
    • Medieval Sourcebook: Bede: The Lives of The Holy Abbots of Weremouth and Jarrow
    • Bede the Venerable: Monk, Priest and Scholar
    • Bede's Death Song
    • Catholic Information Network: St. Gregory the Great by Bede The Venerable
    • Bede's Account of the Poet Caedmon - Olde English
    • Medieval Sourcebook: Bede: The Life and Miracles of St. Cuthbert, Bishop of Lindesfarne (721)
  • St. Cuthbert, 635-687
  • The Hodoeporican of St. Willibald by Huneberc of Heidenheim
  • St. Dunstan, 909-988

• see Alcuin of York above
• see specific French Women below
• See also French General Biographies
  
  
• Charlemagne
  • Charlemagne - Founder of the Holy Roman Empire
  • The Historical Charlemagne
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Charlemagne
  • Einhardi Vita Karoli Magni (Latin)
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Einhard: Life of Charlemagne
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Literary or Profane Legends - Legends of Charlemagne
  • The Song of Roland: Verses I - LXXXVII   2020/04/12
  • Charlemagne, Roland, and Turpin
  • What Made Charles So Great? Part 1 - Medieval History
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Charlemagne and Church Music
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Charlemagne: Letter to Baugaulf of Fulda, c.780-800
  • The Avalon Project : Capitulary of Charlemagne Issued in the Year 802
  • Charlemagne - King of the Franks
  • Karoli Magni capitularia (capitulare de villis)
• Charles "The Hammer" Martel
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Charles Martel
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Pope Gregory II - Appeal to Charles Martel
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Anon Arab Chronicler: The Battle of Poitiers, 732
  • Charles Martel
  • Charles'Martel', Mayor Austrasia (676 - 22 Oct 741) family tree
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Arabs, Franks, and the Battle of Tours, 732: Three Accounts
• Clovis I
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Clovis
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Gregory of Tours: On Clovis
  • Medieval Sourcebook: Gregory of Tours (539-594): The Conversion of Clovis
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Sens
  • Clovis: King of the Salic Franks
• St. Louis IX
• Pepin the Short
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Pepin The Short
• The Funeral of Duke Philip the Good
• ORB - Radegund of Poitiers (ca. 518-587)
• The Song of Roland    2020/04/12
  

• Catholic Encyclopedia: Abraham-ben-M!"ir Aben-Ezra
• Maimonides/Rambam
• Rambam Rabbi Moshe Ben Maimon, or RAMBAM or Maimonides
• An Israelite Bishop without Guile ca. 1168
• Rashi (1040-1105): Communal Affairs in Troyes, c.1100
• Rashi

• See also Women's General Biographies
  
  
• Aemilia Lanyer
• Anne of Cleves
• Boudicca - Boadicea - Celtic Queen
• Catherine de Medici
• Christine de Pizan (1365 - c. 1430)
  • Christine de Pizan and Establishing Female Literary Authority
  • A Woman's Voice: Christine de Pizan
  • Christine de Pizan (ca.1365 - ca.1429)
  • Vision and Revision: Christine de Pizan and Feminist Historiography
  • Christine de Pizan
  • Christine de Pizan
    • The Life of Christine de Pizan
    • The Life and Triumphs of Christine de Pizan
  • Christine de Pizan: c.1365-c.1430
  • Christine de Pizan Database: Release 2 (July 2006)
  • Christine de Pizan
  • Christine De Pizan Presenting Her Book
  • Christine de Pizan Writing
  • Christine de Pisan
  • Answers.com: Christine de Pisan
  • Christine de Pizan
  • see Literature also
• Saint Clare of Assisi
• Cleopatra Queen of Egypt
• No. 1195: DHUODA (c843)
• Female Hero: Eleanor of Aquitaine (Women in World History Curriculum)
• Elizabeth I of England
• Grace O'Malley
• Saint Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179)
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: Saint Hildegard
  • Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) - A discography
  • The Life and Works of Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179)
  • Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) Discography
  • Hildegard of Bingen   updated 2020/04/1
• Hypatia of Alexandria
  • SJSU Virtual Museum - Hypatia
  • Hypatia
  • Hypatia of Alexandria
  • Philosophers : Hypatia daugter of Theon
  • Hypatia of Alexandria
• Isabella d'Este
• Lady Jane Grey: The Nine Day Queen
• Joan of Arc
  • Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Joan of Arc
  • Coat of Arms of Jeanne d'Arc
  • International Joan of Arc Society
  • Joan of Arc
  • Joan of Arc: Letter to Henry VI, King of England, 1429
  • Joan of Arc Museum in Rouen France
  • Joan of Arc Quiz
  • Medieval Sourcebook: The Transcript of the Trial of Joan of Arc
• Catholic Encyclopedia: Popess Joan
• History House: Stories: Popess Joan
• Saint Julian of Norwich
  • Julian of Norwich (1342-ca.1416)
  • Julian of Norwich
  • The Boke of Margery Kempe and the Book of Showings of Julian of Norwich
• Margery Kempe
  • Margery Kempe (ca.1373-1438)
  • Women's Voices 1: Margery Kempe
  • The Book of Margery Kempe: Introduction
  • The Book of Margery Kempe
  • Mapping Margery Kempe
  • The Boke of Margery Kempe and the Book of Showings of Julian of Norwich
  • Margery Kempe
  • Margery Kempe
  • "The Book of Margery Kempe and the Pre-Tridentine Documentation of Sanctity"
  • Margery Kempe (1373 - post 1438)
  • Margery Kempe (Wikipedia)
  • Margery Kempe
• Marie de France see literature below
• Properzia de' Rossi (c.1490-1530)
• ORB - Radegund of Poitiers (ca. 518-587)
• Trotula of Salerno (11th century)

Last updated 2020/4/16.